{"id":524,"date":"2023-04-19T10:41:30","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T10:41:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/certerassl.com\/blog\/?p=524"},"modified":"2025-06-11T09:21:30","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T09:21:30","slug":"how-to-fix-ssl-handshake-failed-error","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/how-to-fix-ssl-handshake-failed-error\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Fix the SSL Handshake Failed &amp; Cloudflare 525 Error?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-an-ssl-handshake-failure\">What is an SSL Handshake Failure?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An SSL Handshake failure error also known as (Cloudflare 525 error)  occurs when a secure connection between a server and a client fails to establish. If you are familiar with the SSL Handshake process or using an SSL certificate, you must understand why such an issue occurred on your system. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"690\" height=\"378\" src=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/error-525-cloudflair.webp\" alt=\"Error Code 525\" class=\"wp-image-3660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/error-525-cloudflair.webp 690w, https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/error-525-cloudflair-300x164.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In this article, we will not only outline an SSL handshake but also discuss why this error comes up and how to fix the SSL handshake failed error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-an-ssl-handshake\">What Is an SSL Handshake?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An SSL handshake establishes a secure connection between the web server and the client (such as a web browser). The initial stage in the SSL\/TLS connection process enables two parties to communicate securely over the Internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During an <a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/ssl-tls-handshake-a-crucial-step-towards-secure-connections\/\">SSL handshake<\/a>, the client &amp; server establish an encryption connection and use digital certificates to verify each other&#8217;s identities. <strong>There are multiple phases in the SSL handshake process, including:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The client&#8217;s system&nbsp;initiates&nbsp;the SSL handshake process by <strong>requesting to connect to the server<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>server sends its SSL certificate to the client<\/strong>, which includes its public key.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>client checks the SSL certificates&nbsp;<\/strong>and gets the public key.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>client generates a random encryption key and encrypts<\/strong> it using the server&#8217;s public key.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>client sends the encrypted key<\/strong> to the server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <strong>server decrypts the encrypted key<\/strong> using its (server&#8217;s) private key.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The server and the client use the encryption key to <strong>establish a secure connection<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"620\" src=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ssl-handshake-process-jpg.webp\" alt=\"SSL Handshake Process\" class=\"wp-image-506\" style=\"width:480px;height:310px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ssl-handshake-process-jpg.webp 960w, https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ssl-handshake-process-300x194.webp 300w, https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ssl-handshake-process-768x496.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once the SSL handshake is complete, the browser and server can securely transmit the data; the process is secure against eavesdropping, manipulation of data, and other security concerns and is essential in ensuring a secure connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Also Read: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/how-does-ssl-certificate-work\">How SSL Certificate Works<\/a>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-causes-of-ssl-tls-handshake-failed-error\">Causes of &#8216;SSL\/TLS Handshake Failed&#8217; Error<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The SSL Handshake 525 error occurs when two endpoints (server and client) fail to establish a secure connection. There are many reasons the handshake fails from the client side as well as the server side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>An &#8220;SSL Handshake Failed&#8221; issue can occur for a variety of reasons, including:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Incorrect Date and Time settings<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Invalid SSL\/TLS Certificate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incorrect Cipher Suite Selection<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interference with SSL handshake by firewalls or proxies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Network connectivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Server Configuration Issues<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Incompatible protocol versions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-incorrect-date-and-time-settings\">Incorrect Date and Time Settings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL\/TLS depends extensively on accurate system time settings. If the client or server device\u2019s date and time are wrong, your system will encounter an &#8220;SSL Handshake Error.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-invalid-ssl-tls-certificate\">Invalid SSL\/TLS Certificate<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">If the SSL\/TLS certificate on the server or client side is expired, untrusted by the client, or incorrect, the connection cannot be established, resulting in an&nbsp;<strong>SSL Handshake Failed Error<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-incorrect-cipher-suite-selection\">Incorrect Cipher Suite Selection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It might occur if the server and client use different cipher\u00a0suites for SSL\/TLS connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-interference-with-ssl-handshake-by-firewalls-or-proxies\">Interference with SSL handshake by Firewalls or Proxies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Firewalls or proxies may block SSL handshake packets or attempt to \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/man-in-the-middle-mitm-attacks-how-to-detect-and-prevent-it\/\">man-in-the-middle<\/a>\u201d the communication&nbsp;by substituting an incorrect SSL\/TLS certificate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-network-connectivity\">Network Connectivity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An SSL handshake failure might occur if network communication between the client and server is disrupted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-server-configuration-issues\">Server Configuration Issues<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a configuration issue on the web server occurs, such as deactivating SSL or TLS, the SSL handshake may fail.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-incompatible-protocol-versions\">Incompatible Protocol Versions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An SSL handshake could fail if the client and server use incompatible SSL\/TLS protocol versions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-different-ways-to-fix-the-ssl-handshake-failed-error\">Different Ways to Fix the SSL Handshake Failed Error<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can&nbsp;fix the Handshake Failed Error&nbsp;in many ways:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Correct the System Date and Time<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Update Your Web Browser<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check that your browser supports the most recent TLS protocol<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check whether the certificate is valid or not<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Deactivate any new plugins or extensions that have been installed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check Your Server Configuration<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use Compatible Ciphers<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-correct-the-system-date-and-time\">Correct the System Date and Time<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An incorrect date or time configuration is one of the most common reasons for SSL\/TLS handshake problems. Since the system time determines whether the certificate is valid or expired, a time or date difference between your device and the server might cause the certificates to seem expired.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Set the time and date to automatic, and then return to the site to verify whether the TLS handshake problem has been resolved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Windows user may take the following steps&nbsp;to reset the date and time:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Click on the &#8216;<strong>Windows<\/strong>&#8216; button.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enter &#8216;<strong>Date and Time Settings<\/strong>&#8216;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Toggle the &#8216;<strong>set time automatically<\/strong>&#8216; button to set the time automatically.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If you use a VPN or need to manually set the time for any other reason, use the &#8216;<strong>Set the date and time manually<\/strong>&#8216; option.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same thing may be done on a Mac by going to &#8216;<strong>Menu<\/strong>&#8216; and then &#8216;<strong>System Preferences<\/strong>.&#8217; All other operating systems provide similar settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-update-your-web-browser\">Update Your Web Browser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You must always keep your operating system, browser &amp; software programs current. Doing so you can avoid critical problems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In Chrome, Check the <strong>top right corner<\/strong> &gt; if there is an update, you will see the <strong>\u201cUpdate<\/strong>\u201d button &gt;<strong> Click on it to update your Chrome<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In Firefox, <strong>Click on the top right corner<\/strong> (Three Horizontal Lines) &gt; <strong>Click on Help &gt; About Firefox &gt; Click on Update Firefox<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-check-that-your-browser-supports-the-most-recent-tls-protocol\">Check that your Browser Supports the most recent TLS Protocol<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Verify that your web browser holds the most recent TLS protocol. Due to browser issues with the TLS version, you may get the &#8220;SSL handshake failed&#8221; error in some circumstances. The most common problem is that your browser does not support your certificate&#8217;s Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL and TLS are both authentication methods; your certificate may utilize&nbsp;either. Both protocols are supported by modern browsers, while some older ones may not. Using a different browser is the most straightforward approach to test whether your browser is causing the problem. If the &#8220;SSL handshake failed&#8221; message does not occur in other browsers, the issue might be with the original one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To resolve this issue on Windows, go to the <strong>Start<\/strong> menu and search for <strong>Internet Options<\/strong>. Go to the <strong>Advanced<\/strong> tab after selecting the option that displays. <strong>Scroll down the list of choices until you reach the options for SSL and TLS settings:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Configuring the TLS protocols your connection supports: If you see those options, you can uncheck the <strong>SSL 3.0<\/strong> and <strong>SSL<\/strong> <strong>2.0<\/strong> boxes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>You must <strong>check the TLS 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3<\/strong> boxes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Then save the changes to your internet settings and try to revisit the page. <a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/tls-1-3-everything-you-need-to-know\/\">TLS 1.2<\/a> should be enabled by default using macOS or iOS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-check-whether-the-certificate-is-valid-or-not\">Check whether the Certificate is Valid or Not<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If the SSL certificate is no longer valid or expired, you will immediately get a \u201c525 Error\u201d. You will get the same error even if you do not <a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/buy-ssl-certificates\">buy SSL<\/a> from a legitimate certificate authority such as Comodo, Sectigo, DigiCert, or Certera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SSL establishes a secure link between the browser and the server. SSL ensures the privacy and security of any data transmitted between these two. As passionate internet users, we can navigate safe online environments thanks to SSL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Security certificates do expire since they have a validity period. These dates are essential for maintaining SSL security. The validity period regulates and validates server legitimacy, letting your web browser identify the server. Users must know <a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/what-happens-when-ssl-certificate-expires\">what happens when SSL Certificate expires<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-deactivate-any-new-plugins-or-extensions-installed\">Deactivate any New Plugins or Extensions Installed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unidentified people generate most browser plugins and extensions, which may contain malicious software. If you recently installed one of these and are experiencing SSL handshake issues, consider removing it and cleaning your cache and cookies. Reconnect to the same website to test whether you can establish a secure connection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Chrome users can remove the extension by following the steps outlined below:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the <strong>upper-right corner<\/strong>, click the <strong>three vertical dots<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Choose &#8216;<strong>Settings<\/strong>&#8216;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select &#8216;<strong>Extensions<\/strong>&#8216;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select the <strong>newly installed extension<\/strong> and click <strong>Remove<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Firefox Users can remove the Addon using the following steps<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Click on the <strong>top right corner<\/strong> (three horizontal lines)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select <strong>Add-ons and Themes<\/strong> or press <strong>Ctrl + Shift + A<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check for the recently added \u201cAdd-ons\u201d and remove them.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-check-your-server-configuration-for-sni-support\">Check Your Server Configuration [for SNI Support]<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One of the primary reasons for&nbsp;TLS issues is incorrect server name indication (SNI) settings. The SNI enables the server to securely host several TLS certificates\/protocols for a single IP address.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each website on a server has its own certificate. So, if the server isn&#8217;t SNI-enabled, there&#8217;s a good chance the TLS handshake will fail since the server won&#8217;t recognize the current certificate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can use any &#8220;SSL Checker Tool&#8221;&nbsp;to determine whether the site uses SNI. You&#8217;ll need to enter your website&#8217;s domain name, click Submit, and wait for the results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-use-compatible-ciphers\">Use Compatible Ciphers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Incompatible <a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/what-is-ssl-cipher-suite-and-how-it-works\/\">cipher&nbsp;suites<\/a> can potentially cause the handshake to fail. To resolve this, the site administrator should verify that the server is configured with cipher&nbsp;suites that the web browser recognizes. This may be accomplished by changing the cipher suite list or activating and disabling individual ciphers in the server settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> We&#8217;ve gone through some of the most efficient fixes for the SSL handshake problem, which might be caused by browser or system settings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This typical problem may be resolved by performing the appropriate measures. By following the procedures outlined above, you can ensure that your website users can access your site securely and without trouble.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-faq-s\">FAQ\u2019s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-the-common-reasons-for-ssl-handshake-failure\">What are the common reasons for SSL handshake failure?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The most common reasons for SSL handshake failure are<\/strong> certificate errors, incompatible protocols or cipher suites, incorrect server name indication (SNI), Firewall or NAT issues, time synchronization errors, new plugins or extensions that have been installed, and Malware or virus infections, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-do-you-resolve-handshake-failure\">How do you resolve handshake failure?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Update the date and time on your system.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check the validity of your SSL certificate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configure Your Browser to Support the Most Recent SSL\/TLS Protocols.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check that your server is set up correctly to support SNI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check that the Cipher Suites match.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-can-a-firewall-block-an-ssl-handshake\">Can a firewall block an SSL handshake?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes, a firewall may block an SSL handshake. Firewalls can analyze&nbsp;SSL traffic and block connections to specific locations based on the network administrator&#8217;s security policies or rules. These rules can be based on various traits, such as source and destination IP addresses, port numbers, domain names, and SSL certificates. If the SSL traffic does not comply with these requirements, the firewall might block it, preventing this issue from occurring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-the-high-response-time-for-an-ssl-handshake\">What is the high response time for an SSL handshake?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A high response time for an SSL handshake can vary based on server load, network latency, and client configuration, but anything more significant than one second is considered high.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Usually, for persistent sessions, partial handshakes, and complete handshakes, the average CPU per request is 0.339 ms, 0.505 ms, and 0.652 ms, respectively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-dropped-due-to-a-failed-client-ssl-handshake\">What is dropped due to a failed client SSL handshake?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hardcoded certificates, custom trust stores, or other temporary challenges might cause client-side SSL handshake failures. If you check the SSL failed handshake reason and count, you will find the cause for the failure (based on TLS RFC alert codes)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-many-packets-are-in-the-ssl-handshake\">How many packets are in the SSL handshake?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The SSL handshake processes usually consist&nbsp;of two packets: the Client Hello and the Server Hello. However, depending on the protocol and encryption parameters used, more packets may be transmitted during the handshake phase.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is an SSL Handshake Failure? An SSL Handshake failure error also known as (Cloudflare 525 error) occurs when a secure connection between a server and a client fails to establish. If you are familiar with the SSL Handshake process or using an SSL certificate, you must understand why such an issue occurred on your<span class=\"morelink d-block mt-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/certera.com\/blog\/how-to-fix-ssl-handshake-failed-error\/\">Read More<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[41,11,15,40],"class_list":["post-524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ssl-certificate","tag-handshake","tag-ssl","tag-ssl-certificate","tag-tls","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Fix SSL Handshake Failed 525 Error? 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